Hashem, Mohammed H., Hasanen S. Abdullah, and Khalil I. Ghathwan. “Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm: A Survey”. Iraqi Journal of Science 64, no. 11 (November 30, 2023): 5964–5984. Accessed December 11, 2025. https://www.ijs.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/eijs/article/view/7512.