Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS for Mapping of Land Cover Change due to Flash Floods in Simangulampe, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Wikan Jaya Prihantarto; Eva  Purnamasari; Muhammad  Ismail; Sri Kandi  Putri; Erisa Waspadi  Putri; Maulana  Yudinugroho

doi:10.24996/ijs.2025.66.12.44

Authors

Wikan Jaya Prihantarto Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof Hamka, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia 25131 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-0734
Eva Purnamasari Departement of Geography, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6792-2665
Muhammad Ismail Departement of Geography, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
Sri Kandi Putri Departement of Geography, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
Erisa Waspadi Putri Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
Maulana Yudinugroho Department of Geomatic Engineering, Faculty of Technology Mineral, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran, Yogyakarta , Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4840-1431

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2025.66.12.44

Keywords:

land cover, flash flood , mapping, remote sensing, GIS

Abstract

Flash floods hit Simangulampe Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia, on December 1^st, 2023. This incident resulted in loss of life, material damage, and environmental change around impacted areas. This study aims to map land cover changes due to flash floods and analyze the flash flood source area using remote sensing data integrated with GIS. Mapping was conducted using two Planet Scope images recorded before and after the disaster. The multispectral classification was used to obtain land cover maps from these images, and both of them were analyzed using the overlay method. 30 m SRTM DEM was used to delineate the watershed. Disaster source analysis assessed the extent of land cover change in the watershed upstream zone. The results showed a significant land cover change in the downstream zone due to debris material covering an area of 9.86 ha. The affected land cover was a built-up area of moderate and low-density vegetation. A source zone was found, characterized by an extent increase of bare soil upstream of 5.48 ha.