Socio-Demographics, Hematological Assessments, and a Correlation Between Platelet Indices in Preeclampsia in Sulaimani Governorate, Iraq

Abstract

     Preeclampsia (PE), a serious disorder during pregnancy, is most commonly defined as blood pressure≥140/90 mmHg and protein in urine>300 mg/24-hour after 20 weeks of gestation. This study aimed to identify the hematological characteristics, to examine the influence of social and demographic factors on their prevalence, and to assess the correlation between platelet indices and red blood cell indices with relevant variables. A total of 80 pregnant women who were recruited at 20 weeks or later with complete blood counts analyzed by Coulter counter, were included in this study. The largest percentage of preeclampsia cases were found in primigravida women aged 30-39 years, living outside urban areas, who were obese and had blood type O. It was discovered that the values of erythrocyte distribution width (RDW%) and granulocytes% (GRA%) exhibited statistically significant differences between patients with preeclampsia and those without. Moreover, the mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet larger cell ratio (P-LCR%), platelet distribution width (PDW%), and platelet larger cell count( P-LCC) of these women were higher than those in normal pregnant women. Still, their platelet counts (PLT) decreased significantly.A noteworthy negative association emerged between RDW and PLT. At the same time, positive correlations were identified between RDW and both hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Recognized risk factors for PE include obesity and blood group O. This study concludes that indicators of RDW and platelet indices could serve as predictive markers for anticipating this serious pregnancy-related condition.