Hydrological analysis of AL-Razzaza lake and its surrounding areas using remote sensing and geographic information systems

Abstract

Lake AL-Razzaza is one of Iraq's most prominent water features, and is essential to the region's ecosystems and economies. Evaluation of the hydrology of the lake and its surrounding area by remote sensing and geographic information systems using digital elevation model (DEM) imagery will be necessary due to the difficulties faced by the lake, including climate change, agricultural activities and human pressures. Since hydrological analysis provides a useful way to describe the physical properties of the Earth's surface, 12 digital elevation model images were used to cover the study area. Create a mosaic to obtain a single image covering the study area, then we do a hydrological analysis. By using DEM data and converting projections from geographic projections to metric projections, we can perform a quantitative analysis and model of water flow. From the hydrological analysis of the study area, We obtain the waterways flowing into Lake AL-Razzaza, then the quantity and density of the waterways are determined as well as the waterways that connect them. The steps of backfill excavation and calculation of flow direction and flow accumulation will be guided by hydrological analysis.