Effect of Treatment with Clopidogrel on Ceruloplasmin Oxidase Activity and Concentration in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

Abstract

    Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is primarily driven by coronary artery stenosis or by total blockage resulting from thrombosis or atherosclerosis that threatens human health. Clopidogrel is one of the antiplatelet therapies that is widely used in the treatment of IHD. Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a multi-copper oxidase enzyme that exerts both antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity. This study aims to investigate the short-term effect of Clopidogrel on Cp and some biochemical parameters related to IHD. This study examined oxidase activity and Cp concentration in IHD patients treated with Clopidogrel. Fifty blood samples were collected from patients who were diagnosed with IHD (pre-treatment). Those were followed up for 5 days after being treated with Clopidogrel (post-treatment). Also, 50 healthy volunteers were included in this study. All samples were collected during the period from January to April 2025. The oxidase activity and concentration of Cp were significantly higher in the same IHD patients both before and after Clopidogrel treatment compared with the control group. However, no significant differences were observed in oxidase activity or concentration of Cp when comparing the pre-treatment and post-treatment measurements within these same patients. These findings indicate that increased oxidative stress in IHD may contribute to stimulate Cp production as a defensive response.